Ulcerative colitis is part of a group of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) that includes Crohn’s disease. The lining of the large intestine becomes inflamed, which is the source of the physical symptoms. While the cause of IBD is unknown, it is believed to be the result of an interaction between genetic and environmental factors.
The most common symptom of ulcerative colitis is continuous diarrhea. Additionally, patients may experience abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, feelings of urgency, cramping, fatigue and loss of appetite.
In order to diagnose ulcerative colitis, a doctor will administer several tests. These may include a physical exam, a sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy, blood tests, stool tests, and imaging tests.
Fortunately, there are treatments available to help manage the symptoms of ulcerative colitis. Medications are the most common form of treatment and can help reduce inflammation of the intestinal lining. Their goal is to induce and maintain remission, and a combination of medications is typically prescribed.
Immune suppressors and biologics are drugs that specific block components of the immune system and help regulate the immune system. Immunomodulators such as mesalamine, sulfasalazine, and balsalazide are anti-inflammatory drugs that help reduce symptoms and induce remission. Corticosteroids provide relief from inflammation when used for a short period of time.
In some cases, surgery may be needed. The goal of surgery is to remove the diseased portion of the intestine and create a path for waste to travel through the body without attaching itself to the intestinal wall.
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic condition, but with the right treatment, those who suffer from it can live happy, healthy lives. It is important for patients to understand the condition, the causes, symptoms and the treatments available to them, so that they can make informed decisions about their health.
Article Created by A.I.